a) coefficient of correlation
b) dependent variable
Incorrect. The dependent variable is what is measured.
c) control condition
d) independent variable
Correct. Independent variables are controlled by the experimenter.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: d, Remember the Facts, LO 1.8 Identify the steps involved in designing an experiment., (2)
% correct 70 a= 1 b= 21 c= 8 d= 70 r = .42
% correct 68 a= 1 b= 23 c= 8 d= 68 r = .34
APA=2.4
TB_01_144_The Scientific Approach_Analyze_LO 1.8, APA 2.4
Independent variable is to dependent variable as ________.
a) effect is to confound
b) experimental is to correlation
c) measure is to manipulate
Incorrect. This is the opposite of the correct answer.
d) manipulate is to measure
Correct. Independent variables are manipulated, while deepening variables were measured.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: d, Analyze It, LO 1.8 Identify the steps involved in designing an experiment., (3)
APA=2.4
TB_01_145_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.8, APA 2.1, 2.4
In a laboratory, smokers are asked to “drive” using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver’s seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the independent variable is ________.
a) the use of nicotine
Correct. The nicotine is controlled by the experimenter and is, therefore, the independent variable.
b) the use of a driving simulator
c) the number of collisions
Incorrect. The number of collisions is believed to be dependent on the consumption of nicotine and is, therefore, the dependent variable.
d) the driving skills of each driver
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: a, Apply What You Know, LO 1.8 Identify the steps involved in designing an experiment., (3)
APA=2.1; 2.4
TB_01_146_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.8, APA 2.1, 2.4
In a laboratory, smokers are asked to “drive” using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver’s seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the dependent variable is ________.
a) the use of nicotine
Incorrect. The nicotine is controlled by the experimenter and is, therefore, the independent variable.
b) the use of a driving simulator
c) the number of collisions
Correct. The number of collisions is believed to be dependent on the consumption of nicotine and is, therefore, the dependent variable.
d) the driving skills of each driver
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: c, Apply What You Know, LO 1.8 Identify the steps involved in designing an experiment., (3)
APA=2.1; 2.4
TB_01_147_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.8, APA 2.1, 2.4
Keyon is planning on studying the influence of intelligence on the ability to recall events from the 1960s. If Keyon does not account for variables such as age, which could also influence one’s ability to recall these events, age could be considered a(n) ________.
a) random variable
b) dependent variable
c) confounding variable
Correct. Any variable that may influence outcome and is not controlled is called a confounding variable.
d) independent variable
Incorrect. This variable is accounted for and controlled.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: c, Apply What You Know, LO 1.8 Identify the steps involved in designing an experiment., (2)
APA=2.1; 2.4
TB_01_148_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.8, APA 2.4
Dr. Jenkins has individuals run on a treadmill for 15 or 30 minutes and then measures their self-reported mood. In this hypothetical study, the independent variable is:
a) the self-reported mood.
Incorrect. This is the variable that is measured, so is the dependent variable.