b. outward behavior.
c. overt actions and reactions.
d. only animal behavior.
2. Who is considered to be the father of African American psychology?
a. Charles Henry Thompson
b. Robert V. Guthrie
c. Francis Cecil Sumner
d. Howard Hale Long
3. Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis focused on
a. observable behavior.
b. Gestalt perceptions.
c. introspection.
d. early childhood experiences.
4. Which psychologist dared to ignore the whole consciousness issue and return to a study of scientific inquiry by focusing on observable behavior?
a. Ivan Pavlov
b. John Watson
c. Sigmund Freud
d. William James
5. Which perspective is often referred to as the “third force” in psychology and focuses on a person’s freedom of choice in determining their behavior?
a. biopsychological perspective
b. behaviorism
c. cognitive psychology
d. humanism
6. Which perspective BEST explains the bystander effect whereby individuals will be less likely to help someone in need because of the presence of others close by?
a. psychoanalysis
b. behaviorism
c. cognitive psychology
d. sociocultural
7. If Dr. Byers uses an eclectic approach in her clinical treatment of children, what is it that she is doing?
a. She is relying primarily on one psychological perspective to treat all her patients.
b. She is using medications with all her patients, especially those suffering from depression.
c. She relies heavily on the Freudian psychodynamic perspective to help children who show abnormal behavior.
d. She is using a combination of perspectives to treat different clients.
8. Dr. Colton identifies himself with the largest subfield of psychology. What kind of psychologist is he?
a. counseling
b. clinical
c. school
d. experimental
9. Micah has recently been diagnosed with a psychological disorder that is best addressed initially with medication. He would likely benefit the most by first seeing a ________.
a. psychiatrist
b. psychoanalyst
c. psychiatric social worker
d. psychologist
10. A psychologist is interested in finding out why married couples seemingly begin to look like each other after several years of marriage. This psychologist is most interested in the goal of
a. description.
b. explanation.
c. prediction.
d. control.
11. Which step in the scientific approach is derived from the goal of description?
a. reporting your results
b. perceiving a question
c. drawing conclusions
d. forming a hypothesis
12. Brianne wants to find an explanation for the behavior of her lab rats in her study. Which step in the scientific approach is she currently focusing on?
a. testing a hypothesis
b. perceiving the question
c. drawing conclusions
d. reporting her results
13. The famous study of Phineas Gage, who survived when a metal rod pierced his skull, is an example of a
a. laboratory experiment.
b. correlation.
c. case study.
d. survey.
14. A researcher finds that as her subjects increased the number of hours they spent exercising, the overall weight of her subjects decreased. This would be an example of a ________ correlation.
a. positive
b. negative
c. zero
d. causal
15. A researcher wants to study the effects of texting on driving. Students in Group A drive a car in a computer game and see how many virtual accidents they have. Students in Group B are asked to drive the same virtual car but they must respond to and send at least three texts. The number of virtual accidents is measured for each group. What is the independent variable?
a. the virtual car
b. texting
c. the number of virtual accidents
d. the group assignment
16. A researcher asks an assistant to conduct a study on her behalf. She specifically tells her assistant only to share the results anonymously and not include the names of the students along with their scores. Such an experiment would be considered a
a. double-blind experiment.
b. single-blind experiment.
c. correlational study.
d. laboratory observation.
17. Double-blind studies control for
a. the placebo effect.
b. the experimenter effect.
c. the placebo effect and the experimenter effect.
d. extrinsic motivation.
18. In the stereotypes-and-athletes study, who was the control group?
a. those students who completed the survey prior to the intelligence test
b. those students who completed the survey after the intelligence test
c. those students who were not asked to complete the intelligence test
d. those students who did not take part in the study at all