Natural Hazards: Earth’s Processes As Hazards, Disasters, and Catastrophes 4th Edition by Edward A.
58) Benefits of natural hazards are referred to as natural service functions.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 1.5 Many Hazards Provide a Natural Service Function
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.10 Explain how events we view as hazards provide natural service.
59) Fortunately, global warming is expected to have little impact on natural disasters and natural hazards.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 1.6 Global Climate Change and Hazards
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.11 Summarize links between climate change and natural hazards.
60) Why did the Haitian earthquake become a catastrophe? Explain some anticipatory responses that might have had an impact on mitigating the disaster.
Answer: The effects of the Haitian earthquake were catastrophic because a major earthquake struck a densely populated and impoverished nation, where there was weak building construction and limited infrastructure such as sanitation, hospitals, roads, and debris moving equipment.
If buildings were built more strongly and money was provided to create better infrastructure, the effects of this earthquake would have been much less.
Diff: 3
Section: 1.1 Why Studying Natural Hazards Is Important
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.9 Give reasons why increasing population and poor land-use practices compound the effects of natural hazards and can turn disasters into catastrophes.
61) List one Internal and one External process on the Earth. Explain what is the fundamental difference between the two.
Answer: Internal processes include earthquakes and volcanoes; external processes include severe weather, floods, and coastal erosion. The fundamental difference is that internal processes are the result of internal forces deep within the Earth (plate tectonics), whereas external processes are driven by forces at or very near the Earth's surface (heat from the Sun).
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1 Why Studying Natural Hazards Is Important
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.1 Explain the difference between a disaster and a catastrophe.
62) Choose any natural hazard and describe why it is a hazard. Next, describe how it might cause a disaster and how it might become a catastrophe.
Answer: Earthquakes cause the ground to shake and can cause buildings to collapse, which can result in death and destruction. Earthquakes can cause a disaster if a large earthquake occurs near a populated area. It can become a catastrophe is the buildings are weakly constructed and therefore easily collapsed.
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1 Why Studying Natural Hazards Is Important
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
Learning Outcome: 1.1 Explain the difference between a disaster and a catastrophe.
63) Using a natural hazard as an example, explain what the following phrase means: "The present is the key to the past."
Answer: We can study active volcanoes erupting today at Hawaii and learn about how they erupt. Then, we can use that information to understand ancient volcanic eruptions.
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2 Role of History in Understanding Hazards
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
Learning Outcome: 1.2 Discuss the role of history in the understanding of natural hazards.
64) Explain how the rock cycle is related to all of the other cycles.
Answer: The rock cycle depends on the tectonic cycle for heat and energy, the biogeochemical cycle for chemical materials, and the hydrologic cycle for water. Water is then used in the processes of weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, and lithification of sediment.
Diff: 1
Section: 1.3 The Geologic Cycle
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.3 Discuss the components and processes of the geologic cycle.