Research Methods in Psychology: Evaluating a World of Information 3rd Edition Test bank

           a.    a theory.

           b.    a hypothesis.

           c.    data.

           d.    research.

ANS:  A                  DIF:    Medium REF: 1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:      Learning Objective 1.2 MSC:           Applying

   16.   Benjamin is a social psychologist who studies marriage. He believes that marital satisfaction has two components: the ability to trust one’s partner and a belief that one can be a good spouse. He conducts a study to test his ideas. Assuming that his data match his theory, which of the following statements should he make?

           a.    “The data prove my theory.”

           b.    “My theory is generalizable.”

           c.    “The data provide support for my theory.”

           d.    “The data complicate my theory.”

ANS:  C                   DIF:    Medium REF: 1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:      Learning Objective 1.2 MSC:           Applying

   17.   Which of the following is true of the relationship between hypotheses and theories?

           a.    Hypotheses are used to determine if a theory is accurate.

           b.    Theories are used to determine if a hypothesis is accurate.

           c.    Multiple theories are needed to test whether a hypothesis is accurate.

           d.    Hypotheses and theories are synonymous terms.

ANS:  A                  DIF:    Difficult REF: 1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:      Learning Objective 1.2 MSC:           Analyzing

   18.   Both James and Thomas have theories that explain why listening to classical music while reading is associated with increased recall of the material. James’ theory is much simpler than Thomas’. Thomas created his theory a few months before James did. Which of the following is true?

           a.    James’ theory would be considered better because it is more parsimonious.

           b.    James’ theory would be considered better because it was thought of more recently.

           c.    Thomas’ theory would be considered better because he thought of it first.

           d.    Thomas’ theory would be considered better because it is more complex.

ANS:  A                  DIF:    Medium REF: 1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:      Learning Objective 1.2 MSC:           Applying

   19.   Which of the following is an example of applied research?