d) attribution effect
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: a, Apply What You Know, LO 1.6 Compare and contrast some of the methods used to describe behavior., (2)
APA=2.1; 2.4
TB_01_104_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.6, APA 2.1, 2.4
JoAnn believes that people who eat at McDonald’s are overweight, so she decides to do a naturalistic observation of people who eat at McDonald’s. What should most concern us about JoAnn’s observations?
a) the observer effect
Incorrect. The observer effect would come into play only if the McDonald’s customers were to become aware of JoAnn observing them.
b) the bystander effect
c) observer bias
Correct. JoAnn has a bias about McDonald’s customers, which might affect her observations due to a phenomenon known as observer bias.
d) subject bias
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: c, Apply What You Know, LO 1.6 Compare and contrast some of the methods used to describe behavior., (2)
APA=2.1; 2.4
TB_01_105_The Scientific Approach_Remember_LO 1.6, APA 2.4
A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a ________.
a) representative sample
b) case study
Correct. A case study involves a detailed description of a particular individual.
c) single-blind study
d) naturalistic observation
Incorrect. Naturalistic observation involves more than one individual.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: b, Remember the Facts, LO 1.6 Compare and contrast some of the methods used to describe behavior., (1)
% correct 94 a= 2 b= 94 c= 2 d= 2 r = .21
% correct 90 a= 4 b= 90 c= 4 d= 2 r = .35
APA=2.4
TB_01_106_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.6, APA 2.4
Phineas Gage was in an accident many years ago causing damage to his left frontal lobe. At the time, not much was known about the human brain so researchers studied Phineas Gage very closely. This type of research is called a ________.
a) case study
Correct. A case study looks at only one person in great detail.
b) representative sample
c) single-blind study
d) naturalistic observation
Incorrect. Naturalistic observation involves studying more than one individual.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: a, Apply What You Know, LO 1.6 Compare and contrast some of the methods used to describe behavior., (3)
APA=2.4
TB_01_107_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.6, APA 2.4
A case study would be the most appropriate method to investigate which of these topics?
a) the ways in which the games of boys differ from the games of girls
b) the development of a male baby raised as a female after a surgical error destroyed his penis
Correct. A case study involves investigating only one person in great detail.
c) the math skills of students in Japan as compared to those of U.S. students
Incorrect. A case study involves investigating only one person and is not appropriate for comparing cultures.
d) physiological changes that occur when people watch violent movies
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: b, Apply What You Know, LO 1.6 Compare and contrast some of the methods used to describe behavior., (2)
APA=2.4
TB_01_108_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.6, APA 2.4
You overhear psychology students preparing for a test. They note that one of the research methods often “fails to generalize.” Which method is the MOST likely topic of their discussion?
a) correlation