Correct. The article, like the survey, should focus on the readers of the magazine.
d) “Sex in America: These Boots Were Made for Walking and for…”
Incorrect. The results of the survey do not apply to all Americans, only to the readers of the magazine.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: c, Apply What You Know, LO 1.6 Compare and contrast some of the methods used to describe behavior., (1)
APA=2.4
Correlations: Finding Relationships
Learning Objective 1.7 - Explain how researchers use the correlational technique to study relationships between two or more variables.
TB_01_117_The Scientific Approach_Remember_LO 1.7, APA 2.4
A(n) ________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.
a) independent variable
Incorrect. The independent variable is the variable that the experimenter manipulates.
b) dependent variable
c) experimental effect
d) correlation
Correct. A correlation measures how strongly two variables are related.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: d, Remember the Facts, LO 1.7 Explain how researchers use the correlational technique to study relationships between two or more variables., (1)
% correct 93 a= 0 b= 4 c= 3 d= 93 r = .56
% correct 98 a= 0 b= 2 c= 1 d= 98 r = .34
APA=2.4
TB_01_118_The Scientific Approach_Understand_LO 1.7, APA 2.4
The word correlation is often used as a synonym for ________.
a) validity
Incorrect. Validity is unrelated to correlation.
b) reliability
c) science
d) relationship
Correct. Correlation means relationship.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: d, Understand the Concepts, LO 1.7 Explain how researchers use the correlational technique to study relationships between two or more variables., (1)
APA=2.4
TB_01_119_The Scientific Approach_Remember_LO 1.7, APA 2.4
A correlation coefficient is a numerical measure of the ________.
a) unintended changes in participants’ behavior due to cues from the experimenter
Incorrect. There are no cues involved in correlation.
b) strength of the relationship between two variables
Correct. Relationship strength is determined by the numerical correlation.
c) behaviors of participants of different ages compared at a given time
d) behaviors of participants followed and periodically assessed over time
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: b, Remember the Facts, LO 1.7 Explain how researchers use the correlational technique to study relationships between two or more variables., (1)
APA=2.4
TB_01_120_The Scientific Approach_Apply_LO 1.7, APA 2.1, 2.4
Peter collects data that indicate that the number of hot chocolates sold at the concession stand increases as temperature outside decreases (for example, more hot chocolates are purchased during late fall than late spring). Which of the following statements is the most accurate depiction of this finding?
a) There is no correlation.
Incorrect. The best answer is that there is a negative correlation between the two variables.
b) There is a strong, positive correlation between the two variables.
c) There is a weak, positive correlation between the two variables.
d) There is a negative correlation between the two variables.
Correct. Remember that a negative correlation indicates that two variables move in the opposite direction.
Topic: The Scientific Approach
ANS: d, Apply What You Know, LO 1.7 Explain how researchers use the correlational technique to study relationships between two or more variables., (2)
APA=2.1; 2.4