c) Pain and suffering of animals are allowed, but only when necessary, and must be minimized as much as possible.
Correct. Pain and suffering of animals are allowed under scientific guidelines.
d) New ethical guidelines prevent the use of primates in psychological research.
Topic: Ethics of Psychological Research
ANS: c, Remember the Facts, LO 1.11 Explain why psychologists sometimes use animals in their research., (2)
APA=2.4; 3.1
Applying Psychology to Everyday Life
Thinking Critically About Critical Thinking
Learning Objective 1.12 - Recall the basic criteria for critical thinking that people can use in their everyday lives.
TB_01_170_Applying Psychology to Everyday Life_Analyze_LO 1.12, APA 2.2, 3.1
In the statement “Critical thinking requires reasoned judgments,” the word reasoned means ________.
a) giving it a lot of thought
Incorrect. Quantity is only part of the characteristics of critical thinking.
b) logical and well thought out
Correct. Critical thinking requires logic as well as organized thinking.
c) seeing one side of an argument very clearly
d) focusing on opinion
Topic: Applying Psychology to Everyday Life
ANS: b, Analyze It, LO 1.12 Recall the basic criteria for critical thinking that people can use in their everyday lives., (1)
% correct 90 a= 3 b= 90 c= 4 d= 3 r = .21
APA=2.2; 3.1
TB_01_171_Applying Psychology to Everyday Life_Understand_LO 1.12, APA 2.2, 3.1
Critical thinking means making judgments based on ________.
a) emotion
b) keeping a closed mind
c) reason and logical evaluation
Correct. Reason and logic are necessary to think critically.
d) authority and expertise
Incorrect. Authorities are often wrong.
Topic: Applying Psychology to Everyday Life
ANS: c, Understand the Concepts, LO 1.12 Recall the basic criteria for critical thinking that people can use in their everyday lives., (1)
% correct 98 a= 0 b= 2 c= 98 d= 0 r = .43
APA=2.2; 3.1
TB_01_172_Applying Psychology to Everyday Life_Apply_LO 1.12, APA 2.1, 3.1
Several years ago, two scientists announced that they had evidence of “cold fusion” in the laboratory, but further studies failed to replicate their findings, and it was later found that the original scientists had used sloppy methods. This highlights which of the following critical thinking principles?
a) Few “truths” do not need to be tested.
b) All evidence is not equal in quality.
Correct. The “so-called” evidence of cold fusion was not very solid, due to sloppy methodology.
c) Authority or expertise does not make the claims of the authority or expert true.
d) Critical thinking requires an open mind.
Incorrect. The cold fusion issue was about evidence, not open-mindedness.
Topic: Applying Psychology to Everyday Life
ANS: b, Apply What You Know, LO 1.12 Recall the basic criteria for critical thinking that people can use in their everyday lives., (3)
% correct 42 a= 7 b= 42 c= 45 d= 6 r = .25
APA=2.1; 3.1
TB_01_173_Applying Psychology to Everyday Life_Remember_LO 1.12, APA 2.2, 3.1
Which of the following statements concerning critical thinking is incorrect?
a) There are few truths that need not be tested.
b) All evidence is not equal in quality.
Incorrect. This is an important criterion for critical thinking.
c) Some authorities should not be questioned.
Correct. It is not true that some authorities should not be questioned; evidence is more important than expertise.
d) Critical thinking requires an open mind.
Topic: Applying Psychology to Everyday Life
ANS: c, Remember the Facts, LO 1.12 Recall the basic criteria for critical thinking that people can use in their everyday lives., (2)
APA=2.2; 3.1