Health Psychology: Biopsychosocial Interactions Edition 2nd Canadian Edition by Edward P. Sarafino T

a)  prevalence.
b)  morbidity.
c)  incidence.
d)  mortality.
 
Answer: a
Section Reference: Related Fields
 
 
67.  Dr. Yi is collecting data on the number of new cases of cholera in Beijing
during the summer of 1997.  Dr. Yi is studying the __________ of cholera.
a)  prevalence
b)  morbidity
c)  incidence
d)  epidemic
 
Answer: c
Section Reference: Related Fields
 
 
68.  An epidemic usually refers to a situation in which
a)  many people die from a disease.
b)  a disease receives greater publicity.
c)  the mortality rate of a disease increases.
d)  the incidence rate of a disease has increased rapidly.
 
Answer: d
Section Reference: Related Fields
 
 
69.  Wilbur has had a stroke and is now undergoing treatment by exercising and receiving electrical stimulation to his severely weakened muscles.  The professional performing this treatment is most likely a
a)  physical therapist.
b)  licensed practical nurse.
c)  doctor.
d)  medical anthropologist.
 
Answer: a
Section Reference: Related Nonpsychology Careers
 
 
70.  Which of the following is not necessarily a component of a useful theory?
a) It relates previously seemingly unrelated information.
b) It enables us to make predictions.
c) It has been proven to be correct.
d) It organizes known facts.
 
Answer: c
Section Reference: Research Methods
 
 
71.  In a study of the effects of an anti-inflammatory drug on chronic jaw pain,
one group receives an inactive substance in the form of a pill.  This group
receives
a) the independent variable.
b) the dependent variable.
c) a control.
d) a placebo.
 
Answer: d
Section Reference: Experiments
 
 
72.  The method of experimental design in which the subject and the experimenter are unaware of which group they are assigned is called the
a) experimental control.
b) double‑blind procedure.
c) nonexperimental method.
d) quasi-experimental approach.
 
Answer: b
Section Reference: Experiments
 
 
73. Which of the following illustrates a difference between experimental and non‑experimental approaches to research?
a) Only experimental methods can imply causation.
b) In nonexperimental methods, the researcher manipulates an independent variable.
c) Only experimental methods measure dependent variables
d) Nonexperimental methods test cause and effect relationships.
 
Answer: a
Section Reference: Comparing Experimental and Nonexperimental Methods
 
 
74.  Nonexperimental or correlational studies
a) can generate predictive information.
b) are not usually useful because they can't lead to causal inferences.
c) are not usually done anymore.
d) involve the manipulation of independent variables.
 
Answer: a
Section Reference: Correlational Studies
 
 
75.  Researchers reported that there is a strong relationship between height and IQ: as height goes up, IQ goes up.  They are reporting
a)  a negative correlation.
b) a positive correlation
c) a non‑linear relationship.
d) no correlation.
 
Answer: b
Section Reference: Correlational Studies
 
 
76.  A student researcher writes in his report that his statistical analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of +2.13 between the two variables in his study.  His reported correlation coefficient
a) indicates a negative correlation.
b) indicates a positive correlation.
c) is a significant result.
d) is an error.
 
Answer: d
Section Reference: Correlational Studies
 
 
77.  A _____ study would NOT be an example of a quasi‑experimental study.
a)  retrospective
b)  prospective
c)  longitudinal
d)  correlational
 
Answer: d
Section Reference: Quasi-Experimental Studies
 
 
78.  To study the effects of cigarette smoking on breast cancer, 500 healthy teenaged girls were recruited to participate in a study that tracked their smoking (or nonsmoking) behavior and cancer incidence for five decades. This is an example of
a)  a prospective study.
b)  an experiment.
c)  a retrospective study.
d)  a single-subject approach.
 
Answer: a
Section Reference: Quasi-Experimental Studies