Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach 8th Edition by Dee Silverthorn test bank

partner according to specified criteria.
Use this table to answer the following questions. Ignore statistical problems caused by small sample size, and so on.
Table 1.3
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Figure 1.3
For these questions, the data were separated and analyzed by gender.
60) Refer to Table 1.3 and Figure 1.3
A. Write a hypothesis regarding gender and weight.
B. What is the dependent variable? What is the independent variable?
C. Based on the data in the graph above, what is your conclusion?
D. Why is a bar graph a good choice for presentation of these data? Would another type of chart be as effective?
Answer: A. Males weigh more than females.
B. Weight depends on gender; thus weight is dependent, gender is independent.
C. Males weigh more than females.
D. Bar graph allows comparison of the average of two groups. No.
61) Refer to Table 1.3.
A. Write a hypothesis regarding sex and recovery time.
B. What is the dependent variable? What is the independent variable?
C. Create a graph using the averages from the data table. Based on these data, what do you conclude?
Answer: A. A prediction such as "Males recover from exercise more quickly than females" would be appropriate.
B. The independent variable is sex; the dependent variable is recovery time.
C. A bar graph such as the one below is appropriate. In this study, males recovered from exercise more quickly
than females.
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62) Refer to Table 1.3.
A. Write a hypothesis regarding the effects of breakfast consumption on reaction time.
B. What is the dependent variable? What is the independent variable?
Answer: A. A prediction such as "Eating breakfast prior to testing improves reaction time of subjects (compared to
subjects who did not eat breakfast)" is appropriate.
B. The independent variable is breakfast consumption; the dependent variable is reaction time.
63) Refer to Table 1.3.
A. Ignoring the sex of the subjects, write a hypothesis that expresses the relationship between weight and height.
B. What is the dependent variable? What is the independent variable?
C. Construct a graph that examines relationship between weight and height.
Answer: A. A prediction such as "As height increases, weight increases" would be appropriate.
B. The dependent variable would be weight; the independent variable is height.
C.
64) Table 1.3 shows data on various factors that may or may not be related to resting pulse rate, time to recovery to
resting pulse rate after a few minutes of exercise, and reaction time measured by how quickly a student could
press a keyboard key after seeing a computer- generated prompt. For each question below, write a testable
hypothesis, identify the dependent and independent variables, sketch an appropriate graph of the results, and draw a
conclusion from the data presented in the table. Discuss your results.
A. Does caffeine consumption have an effect on resting pulse rate?
B. Does age play a role in resting pulse rate? Does weight?
C. Is there a relationship between eating breakfast and recovery time?
D. Is there a relationship between reaction time and height?
E. Do females who smoke show differences in their resting pulse rates compared to female nonsmokers or to male
smokers and male nonsmokers?
F. Does regular exercise have an effect on resting pulse rate?
Answer: Answers will vary, but examples follow (conclusions written here are based on cursory examination of graphed
data–no statistical tests of significance were performed).
A. Hypothesis: Caffeine consumption increases heart rate.
Independent variable: caffeine consumption.
Dependent variable: resting pulse rate.
Conclusion: Mean pulse rates between caffeine- drinking (68 bpm) and control subjects (73 bpm) are similar
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Answer: (large variation between individuals); hypothesis not supported.
B. Hypothesis: Pulse rate is lower in older subjects and is higher in heavier subjects.
Independent variables: age and weight.
Dependent variables: resting pulse rate.
Conclusion: Pulse rate was similar in all groups; hypothesis not supported.
C. Hypothesis: Subjects who ate breakfast have a faster reaction time.
Independent variable: breakfast consumption.
Dependent variable: pulse rate.
Conclusion: Subjects who ate breakfast had a faster reaction time (168.7 msec vs. 180.5 msec); hypothesis
supported.
D. Hypothesis: There is no relationship between height and reaction time.
Independent variable: height.
Dependent variable: reaction time.
Conclusion: Reaction time did not vary with height; hypothesis supported.
E. Hypothesis: Smokers of both sexes have a higher resting pulse rate than nonsmokers of either sex, and males
and females are affected equally.