Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand
Difficulty: Basic
Learning Goal: 3
136. Briefly describe the three periods of adult development.
The three periods of adult development are early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood. Early adulthood begins in the late teens or early twenties and lasts through the thirties. Middle adulthood begins at approximately 35-45 years of age and ends at some point between 55 and 65 years of age. Late adulthood is the period that extends from 60 or 70 years of age until death.
APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember
Difficulty: Basic
Learning Goal: 3
137. Beth is 22 years old. What developmental period is Beth in, and what are the two main tasks of this period?
Beth is in the developmental period of emerging adulthood. The two main tasks of this period are experimentation and exploration.
APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes
Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply
Difficulty: Basic
Learning Goal: 3
138. List Jeffrey Arnett's five key features of emerging adulthood.
The five key features that characterize emerging adulthood are identity exploration, especially in love and work; instability; self-focus; feeling in-between; and the age of possibilities, a time when individuals have an opportunity to transform their lives.
APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Goal: 3
139. What are some of the factors that make it difficult to determine when an individual becomes an adult?
Determining when an individual becomes an adult is difficult. In the United States, the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood is holding a permanent, full-time job. Economic independence is one marker for achieving adult status, but it is a long process in some cultures. Taking responsibility for oneself, deciding on one's own beliefs and values, and establishing a relationship with parents as equal adults are all markers of adult status.
APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analyze
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Goal: 3
140. List and briefly describe the three types of assets that Jacquelynne Eccles and her colleagues determined are especially important for making a competent transition through adolescence and emerging adulthood.
The three types of assets that Eccles and colleagues determined are necessary for the successful transition through adolescence and emerging adulthood are: intellectual development, psychological and emotional development, and social development. Intellectual development includes such things as knowledge of essential life and vocational skills, critical thinking and reasoning skills, cultural knowledge, and school success.Psychological and emotional development encompasses such things as good mental health, good emotional regulation and conflict resolution skills, mastery motivation, personal autonomy, personal and social identity, and strong moral character. Social development is related to connectedness, sense of social place, attachment to prosocial institutions, and commitment to civic engagement.
APA: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
APA: 4.1 Demonstrate effective writing for different purposes
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Goal: 3
141. List and define the three major issues in studying adolescent development.
The three important issues raised in the study of adolescent development are nature and nurture, continuity and discontinuity, and early and later experiences. The nature-nurture issue involves the debate about whether development is primarily influenced by nature or nurture. Nature refers to an organism's biological inheritance, nurture to its environmental experiences. The continuity-discontinuity issues focuses on the extent to which development involves gradual, cumulative changes (continuity) or distinct stages (discontinuity). The last issue focuses on the importance of earlier experiences in the child's life, and whether or not later experiences can make up for deficits or poor early experiences. Proponents of the earlyexperience doctrine believe that development will never be optimal if infants are not given warm, nurturing care in the first year of life. Proponents of the later-experience view argue that children and adolescents are malleable throughout development, and that they can compensate for less than optimum early experiences with quality later experiences.