C) universal
D) comprehensive
Answer: B
Learning Objective: Understand which aspects of leadership have been studied the most.
AACSB: Analytical thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
12) A theory that describes how changes by top management in the structure and culture of an organization affect the behavior of employees is best described as a ________ theory.
A) prescriptive
B) hierarchical
C) multi-level
D) complexity
Answer: C
Learning Objective: Understand which aspects of leadership have been studied the most.
AACSB: Analytical thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
13) Most of the leadership theory and research has described ________ leadership.
A) direct
B) ethical
C) informal
D) toxic
Answer: A
Learning Objective: Understand the different ways leadership has been defined.
AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty Level: Easy
14) A leadership theory that describes relationships among leader traits, behavior, influence processes, outcomes, and situational variables is best classified as ________.
A) descriptive
B) integrative
C) comprehensive
D) universal
Answer: B
Learning Objective: Understand which aspects of leadership have been studied the most.
AACSB: Analytical thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
15) Which is the LEAST accurate statement about the outcomes of leadership actions?
A) Immediate and delayed outcomes are usually consistent with each other.
B) Immediate outcomes are easier to predict than end-result outcomes.
C) Immediate and delayed outcomes are usually interrelated in complex causal chains.
D) End-result outcomes are less useful as criteria of leadership effectiveness.
Answer: A
Learning Objective: Understand the different ways leadership effectiveness is determined.
AACSB: Analytical thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
16) Which statement about leaders and managers is MOST accurate according to Yukl?
A) Managers and leaders are different types of people.
B) Managing and leading are mutually exclusive and unrelated.
C) Managing is not important for effective leadership.
D) Leadership is important for the success of most managers.
Answer: A
Learning Objective: Understand the different ways leadership has been defined.
AACSB: Analytical thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
17) The numerous definitions of leadership ________.
A) are almost identical
B) overlap a great deal
C) have nothing in common
D) differ in many respects
Answer: D
Learning Objective: Understand the different ways leadership has been defined.
AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty Level: Easy
18) The differences among the various definitions of leadership ________.
A) are nothing more than scholarly nit-picking
B) merely express the same criteria in different terminology
C) reflect deep disagreement about the identification of leaders and leadership processes
D) reject the assumption that it is a process in which intention influence is exerted over other people
Answer: C
Learning Objective: Understand the different ways leadership has been defined.
AACSB: Analytical thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
19) On which assumption do most definitions of leadership agree?
A) Deliberate influence is exercised over other people.
B) Influence over others is to be avoided.
C) Influence should be exerted to punish, not to motivate.
D) People cannot be influenced to do something they do not wish to do.
Answer: A
Learning Objective: Understand the different ways leadership has been defined.
AACSB: Analytical thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
20) Researchers who view leadership as a ________ are more likely to pay attention to the attributes that determine selection of designated leaders.
A) shared influence process
B) specialized role
C) group engagement activity
D) function that jeopardizes the effectiveness of the group
Answer: B
Learning Objective: Understand the different ways leadership has been defined.
AACSB: Reflective thinking
Difficulty Level: Moderate
21) Which is true of the body of thinking that views leadership as a specialized role?
A) It suggests that a person in the group cannot perform both leader and follower roles at the same time.
B) It distinguishes between leader and follower roles.
C) It does not consider the effects of the leader's behavior on other members of the group.