Skill: Application
83. When Suzie whines in a supermarket, her father gives her candy to keep her quiet. After a while, Suzie whines more often in the market because her father has “rewarded” her whining with candy. This explanation is more compatible with a ________ approach.
a. cognitive
b. Gestalt
c. construal-based
d. behaviorist
Answer: D
Difficulty: 2
Page(s) in Text: 9
Topic: The Power of Social Interpretation
Skill: Application
84. Which of the following is a likely criticism of the behaviorist approach?
a. Concepts like reinforcement and punishment are too vague.
b. Behaviorist explanations are too simplistic to explain all human social behavior.
c. Terms like “cognition” or “thinking” or “feeling” are too vague to be studied.
d. Scientists cannot deal with concepts like “thinking” or “feeling” in an objective way.
Answer: B
Difficulty: 3
Page(s) in Text: 9-10
Topic: The Power of Social Interpretation
Skill: CONCEPTUAL
85. According to the authors of your text, why did behaviorists not incorporate cognition, thinking, and feeling into their theory?
a. There was no empirical support that these concepts mattered.
b. They used strictly animal models for most of their theories.
c. They consider the concepts too vague and difficult to observe.
d. The theory could become too complex to study empirically.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 3
Page(s) in Text: 10
Topic: The Power of Social Interpretation
Skill: Conceptual
86. The word “construal” refers to
a. objective reality.
b. information provided by other people.
c. imagined events.
d. personal interpretations.
Answer: D
Difficulty: 2
Page(s) in Text: 10
Topic: The Power of Social Interpretation