E) studying industry-wide best practices and then implementing it
Answer: D
Explanation: Positive organizational scholars have studied a concept called "reflected best-self" by asking employees to think about when they were at their "personal best" in order to understand how to exploit their strengths.
LO: 1.6: Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
87) Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma?
A) Should I work extra hours to complete my assignment?
B) Should I e-mail my manager about queries on the project?
C) Should I discuss with the management the perks being offered?
D) Should I ask my manager for leave during Christmas?
E) Should I play politics to advance my career?
Answer: E
Explanation: Employees are increasingly facing ethical dilemmas and ethical choices in which they are required to identify right and wrong conduct.
LO: 1.6: Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
88) Workforce diversity refers to how organizations are becoming more homogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Workforce diversity acknowledges a workforce of women and men; many racial and ethnic groups; individuals with a variety of physical or psychological abilities; and people who differ in age and sexual orientation.
LO: 1.6: Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.
AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
89) The job of a guest relations executive at a hotel is a kind of service job.
Answer: TRUE
Explanation: Service jobs include technical support representatives, fast-food counter workers, sales clerks, waiters and waitresses, and nurses among others.
LO: 1.6: Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
90) The rapid globalization of the world economy has largely eliminated the need for managers to know the cultural norms of the workforce in each country where they do business.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: To be effective, managers need to know the cultural norms of the workforce in each country where they do business.
LO: 1.6: Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.
AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
91) Explain workforce demographics and the key managerial skills for dealing with workforce diversity. What are two trends in workforce demographics?
Answer: The workforce has always adapted to variations in economies, longevity and birth rates, and socioeconomic conditions. Longevity and birth rates have also changed the dynamics in organizations; global longevity rates have increased six years in a very short time (since 1990), while birth rates are decreasing for many developed countries, trends that together indicate a lasting shift toward an older workforce. Socioeconomic shifts have a profound effect on workforce demographics. The days when women stayed home because it was expected are just a memory in some cultures, while in others, women face significant barriers to entry into the workforce.
LO: 1.6: Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.
Difficulty: Moderate
Quest. Category: Concept
92) Explain the meaning of Big Data and discuss how its increased availability has led to new privacy concerns.
Answer: As technological capabilities for handling Big Data have increased, so have issues of privacy. This is particularly true when data collection includes surveillance instruments. For instance, an experiment in Brooklyn, New York, has been designed to improve the quality of life for residents, but the researchers will collect intensive data from infrared cameras, sensors, and smartphone Wi-Fi signals.
LO: 1.6: Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.
Difficulty: Moderate
Quest. Category: Concept
93) A(n) ________ is an abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.
A) model
B) input
C) process
D) outcome
E) objective
Answer: A
Explanation: A model is an abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.