Skill: Conceptual
160. The term “self-fulfilling prophecy” refers to the tendency to
a. live up to our highest expectations of ourselves.
b. be motivated to fulfill our hopes and dreams.
c. inadvertently elicit the very behaviors we expect from others.
d. strive for self-actualization.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page(s) in Text: 15
Topic: Where Construals Come From: Basic Human Motives
Skill: Factual
161. You’ve heard that members of a certain fraternity or sorority are snobs. Whenever you see members of that fraternity or sorority, you look down and hurry past them. When they don’t greet you, you say to yourself, “Just like I thought—they’re all arrogant snobs.” You have experienced a phenomenon known as
a. self-esteem enhancement.
b. irrational disparagement.
c. the self-fulfilling prophecy.
d. the motivated attribution error.
Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page(s) in Text: 15
Topic: Where Construals Come From: Basic Human Motives
Skill: Application
162. Recall that Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) told teachers that some of their students were “bloomers.” Consequently, those students actually performed better than students who were not labeled as bloomers. This finding suggests that
a. the bloomers really were better students than their peers.
b. the teachers were motivated to prove that the researchers were right.
c. the teachers were motivated to reward bloomers and punish the others.
d. teachers’ expectations were powerful in influencing the bloomers’ behaviors.
Answer: D
Difficulty: 2
Page(s) in Text: 15
Topic: Where Construals Come From: Basic Human Motives
Skill: Conceptual
163. Imagine that you were a student in one of the classrooms in the self-fulfilling prophecy study by Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968). If you’re like most students, you would ________ to be labeled a bloomer, because your teacher would ________.
a. want; pay more attention to you and encourage you more
b. not want; place unreasonable demands on you
c. not want; make you work alone
d. want; give you more time at recess