72) The purpose of the H-1B visa program is to allow ________.
A) U.S. employers to hire skilled foreign workers for jobs overseas
B) U.S. employees to work for foreign firms based in the U.S.
C) U.S. employers to hire skilled foreign workers for jobs in the U.S.
D) U.S. employees to work for foreign firms based overseas
Answer: C
Explanation: The H-1B visa program lets U.S. employers recruit skilled foreign professionals to work in the United States when they can't find qualified American workers.
Diff: 2
AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments
Chapter: 1
LO: 1.2: Describe with examples what trends are influencing human resource management.
Skill: Concept
73) Which term refers to an agreement that reduces tariffs and barriers among trading partners?
A) offshore facility
B) co-working site
C) deregulation
D) free trade area
Answer: D
Explanation: Free trade areas—agreements that reduce tariffs and barriers among trading partners—encourage international trade. NAFTA (the North American Free Trade Agreement) and the EU (European Union) are examples.
Diff: 1
AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments
Chapter: 1
LO: 1.2: Describe with examples what trends are influencing human resource management.
Skill: Concept
74) Which of the following factors LEAST likely drove U.S. economic growth between 1960 and 2007?
A) leveraging
B) diversifying
C) globalization
D) deregulation
Answer: B
Explanation: Leveraging, globalization, and deregulation have driven economic growth for the last 50 years in the U.S. However, around 2007-2008, the U.S. economy started heading for a recession as home prices and GNP fell and unemployment rose.
Diff: 2
Chapter: 1
LO: 1.2: Describe with examples what trends are influencing human resource management.
Skill: Concept
75) According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, between now and 2042, the number of workers classified as "white, non-Hispanic" will decrease and the number of workers classified as Asian will increase.
Answer: TRUE
Explanation: Between 1992 and 2024, the percent of the workforce that the U.S. Department of Labor classifies as "white" will drop from 85% to 77%. At the same time, the percent of the workforce that it classifies as "Asian" will rise from 4% to 6.6%.
Diff: 2
Chapter: 1
LO: 1.2: Describe with examples what trends are influencing human resource management.
Skill: Concept
76) The H-1B visa program allows U.S. employers to hire foreign workers to fill workforce shortfalls for hourly positions that require only limited skills.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: With retirements triggering projected workforce shortfalls, many employers are hiring foreign workers for U.S. jobs. The H-1B visa program lets U.S. employers recruit skilled foreign professionals to work in the United States when they cannot find qualified U.S. workers. U.S. employers bring in about 85,000 foreign workers per year under these programs, although such programs face opposition.
Diff: 2
AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments
Chapter: 1
LO: 1.2: Describe with examples what trends are influencing human resource management.
Skill: Concept
77) Explain the difference between line authority and staff authority. What type of authority do human resource managers have?
Answer: Authority is the right to make decisions, to direct the work of others, and to give orders. Line managers are authorized to direct the work of subordinates and are directly in charge of accomplishing the organization's basic goals. Staff managers are authorized to assist and advise line managers in accomplishing these basic goals. Human resource managers are usually staff managers because they are responsible for assisting and advising line managers in areas like recruiting, hiring, and compensation. However, human resource managers do have line authority within their own department.
Diff: 2
AACSB: Application of knowledge
Chapter: 1
LO: 1.1: Answer the questions, "What is human resource management?" and "Why is knowing HR management concepts and techniques important to any supervisor or manager?"
Skill: Application
78) Why are demographic trends important to HR managers?
Answer: HR managers need to be cognizant of demographic trends because changes in the availability of workers directly affect recruiting and selection efforts. The changes in the workforce can impact the availability of technologically savvy employees or the availability of skilled labor. Additionally, the availability of employees affects the compensation that needs to be offered to attract and retain valued employees.