68. Identify and briefly describe the steps involved in the performance management process. Why is it important for organizations to apply these steps when deciding on training and development programs?
ANSWER:
Performance management is the process of establishing performance goals and designing interventions and programs to motivate and develop employees to improve their performance and ultimately organization performance. This process involves the following steps: setting performance expectations and goals; monitoring employee performance and providing feedback; and evaluating performance and consequences. These steps are all important and necessary because they lead into and help to determine the need for employee training and development. This involves programs that are designed to help employees achieve their goals and improve their performance. Each of the steps of the performance management process provides information on the developmental needs of employees and leads to action plans for employee training and development.
69. What is work-integrated learning and what is its purpose? What can government and organizations do to provide work-integrated learning programs?
ANSWER:
Work-integrated learning is a form of learning that enables students to acquire work experience as part of their education through internships, apprenticeships, and co-operative placements. The purpose or goal of work-integrated learning is to ensure that post-secondary students have the skills required by organizations when they graduate and to help to close the skills gap. Government and organizations have a role to play in providing work-integrated learning programs. For example, in 2017 the federal government introduced the Student Work-Integrated Learning Program, which provides employers in the STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) and business sectors with payroll subsidies for hiring students. Organizations can provide work-integrated learning by offering internships, apprenticeships, and co-operative work placements for students.