Biology: Science for Life with Physiology 5th Edition by Colleen Belk Test bank
C) A subject finds out the results of the experiment after it is finished.
D) A researcher randomly assigns subjects to the control or experimental group.
Answer: B
Section: 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis (Apply/Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 1.6
38) In an experiment testing the prediction that a certain drug prevents cataracts in females over the age of 65, which control should be used?
A) male subjects
B) female subjects younger than 65
C) alternative drugs that are suspected to prevent cataracts
D) female subjects over 65 that are given placebos
Answer: D
Section: 1.2
Skill: Comprehension/Application (Understand/Apply)
Learning Outcome: 1.5
39) Which experimental scenario would likely produce the most trustworthy results?
A) a double-blind study involving a new heart disease treatment
B) an unbiased investigation that shows a strong correlation between two variables
C) a single-blind experiment testing the effects of caffeine on blood pressure
D) an experiment that is slightly biased but does not use a model organism
Answer: A
Section: 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis (Apply/Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 1.6
40) When graphing data, what scientific information do scientists plot on the x-axis?
A) independent variable
B) dependent variable
C) control
D) sampling error
Answer: A
Section: 1.2
Skill: Comprehension (Understand)
Learning Outcome: 1.5
41) The average annual temperature among geographic regions is plotted on the x-axis of a graph and the spiciness of local food in that region is plotted on the y-axis. If the hotness of local food increases as the average annual temperature increases, then what can be concluded?
A) The spiciness of local food does not correlate with the regional average annual temperature.
B) Food is spicy in warm climates because the warm temperatures make local foods more spicy.
C) The relationship between the two variables shows causation but is not correlation.
D) Spiciness of food and annual average temperature are correlated, but causation is not implied.
Answer: D
Section: 1.3
Skill: Analysis (Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 1.8
42) Which of the following is an example of a cohort study?
A) Compare lifetime exposure to coal plant emissions between individuals with lung cancer and individuals without lung cancer in the general population.
B) Measure lifetime exposure to coal plant emissions and the incidence of lung cancer in a group of individuals living in a small town.
C) Question all people in an area about their exposure to coal plant emissions and whether they have any lung diseases.
D) Examine the incidence of lung disease in all females over the age of 50 in a city by a coal plant.
Answer: B
Section: 1.2
Skill: Comprehension/Application (Understand/Apply)
Learning Outcome: 1.7
43) Which of the following is a disadvantage of a correlational experiment?
A) Subjects may not know exposure levels.
B) It is expensive and time consuming.
C) It is not feasible for rare diseases or environmental factors of interest.
D) It is only feasible for hypotheses for which an experimental treatment can be applied.
Answer: D
Section: 1.2
Skill: Comprehension/Application (Understand/Apply)
Learning Outcome: 1.7
44) The incidence of cancer in people living within 100 yards of overhead power lines is recorded. This would be an example of what type of epidemiological technique?