Biology: Science for Life with Physiology 5th Edition by Colleen Belk Test bank
A) ecological study
B) cross-sectional survey
C) cohort study
D) correlational experiment
Answer: A
Section: 1.2
Skill: Comprehension/Application (Understand/Apply)
Learning Outcome: 1.7
45) Which type of study observes specific human populations for unusually high levels of a disease?
A) a case-control study
B) a cross-sectional survey
C) an ecological study
D) a correlational experiment
Answer: C
Section: 1.2
Skill: Comprehension (Understand)
Learning Outcome: 1.7
46) Why are double-blind experiments used?
A) The results will be more biased.
B) The results will be more controlled.
C) The results will be more objective.
D) The results will be more statistically significant.
Answer: C
Section: 1.2
Skill: Comprehension/Application (Understand/Apply)
Learning Outcome: 1.6
47) Why might scientists often be hesitant to believe the results of a single experiment testing a particular treatment, even when the results are peer reviewed and statistically significant?
A) The experimental and control groups may be too alike.
B) The results may not be true for humans if the experiment used a model organism.
C) A single experiment may have eliminated most of the alternative hypotheses.
D) The experiment was likely to have had many biases that affected the results.
Answer: B
Section: 1.1, 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis (Apply/Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 1.4, 1.5, 1.6
48) What type of subject is treated as closely as possible to an experimental subject except that he or she does not get the experimental treatment?
Answer: control
Section: 1.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 1.5
49) What is an intentionally ineffective treatment given to members of a control group in an experiment?
Answer: placebo
Section: 1.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 1.5
50) What is the scientific information collected from well-designed experiments that should allow researchers to either reject or support a hypothesis?
Answer: data
Section: 1.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 1.5
51) What type of experimental result (two words) is one that is very unlikely to be due to chance differences between the experimental and control groups?
Answer: statistically significant
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 1.8
52) What is the specialized branch of mathematics that is used to compare data?
A) epidemiology
B) computational mathematics
C) cross-sectional mathematics
D) statistics
Answer: D
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 1.8
53) When an experiment has a large sample size, and there is a large difference between the results in the experimental and control groups, how likely is it that the experimental results are statistically significant?
A) very unlikely
B) unlikely
C) somewhat likely
D) very likely
Answer: D