D. learn at least two foreign languages to understand the cultural differences.
E. ask for second opinion in a decision-making scenario.
The most effective way to control the influence of ethnocentrism and the SRC is to recognize their effects on our behavior.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 01-04 The importance of the self-reference criterion (SRC) in international marketing
Topic: The Self-Reference Criterion and Ethnocentrism: Major Obstacles
63.To avoid errors in business decisions, it is necessary to conduct a cross-cultural analysis that isolates the self-reference criterion influences. Which of the following should be the first-step to avoid the aforementioned errors?
A. Redefining the problem without the SRC influence.
B. Solving the problem for the optimum business goal situation.
C. Isolating the SRC influence in the problem and examining it carefully to see how it complicates the problem.
D. Defining the business problem or goal in home-country cultural traits, habits, or norms.
E. Defining the business problem or goal in foreign-country cultural traits, habits, or norms through consultation with natives of the target country.
Defining the business problem or goal in home-country cultural traits, habits, or norms is the first step provided in the analysis framework to avoid errors in business decisions owing to SRC.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty Level: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 01-04 The importance of the self-reference criterion (SRC) in international marketing
Topic: The Self-Reference Criterion and Ethnocentrism: Major Obstacles
64.Understanding one’s own culture requires additional study as:
A. self-criticism is not easy to build when studying one’s own culture.
B. much of the cultural influence on market behavior is at the subconscious level.
C. the cultural traits in one’s own country are complex and not internalized.
D. international trade treaties mandate that managers have extensive cultural knowledge of their own country.
E. cultural influence on one’s own market behavior is generally minimal and insignificant in the long run.
Understanding one’s own culture may require additional study, because much of the cultural influence on market behavior remains at a subconscious level and is not clearly defined.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 01-04 The importance of the self-reference criterion (SRC) in international marketing
Topic: The Self-Reference Criterion and Ethnocentrism: Major Obstacles
65.Which of the following types of nontariff barriers strictly falls under the category of specific limitations on trade?
A. Import credit discriminations
B. Export subsidies
C. Voluntary export restraints
D. Embargoes
E. Packaging, labeling, or marking standards
Quotas, embargoes, import licensing requirements, minimum import price limits, and proportional restrictions of foreign to domestic goods are the non-tariff trade barriers that are classified under specific limitations on trade.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 01-05 The increasing importance of global awareness
Topic: Developing a Global Awareness
66.Which of the following characterizes a globally aware manager?
A. Using one’s home culture’s values alone to market one’s products in foreign countries.
B. Accepting the cultural ways of another individual as their own.
C. Allowing others to be different and equal.
D. Discarding one’s home culture’s standards to adopt the global cultural standards.
E. Controlling any influences that the global cultural standards may have on the marketing process.
Tolerance is understanding cultural differences and accepting and working with others whose behaviors may be different from yours. You do not have to accept as your own the cultural ways of another, but you must allow others to be different and equal.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty Level: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 01-05 The increasing importance of global awareness